First Report of Viral Pathogens WSSV and IHHNV in Argentine Crustaceans [Note]

نویسندگان

  • Harold W. Manter
  • Sergio Roberto Martorelli
  • Robin M. Overstreet
  • Sergio R. Martorelli
  • Jean A. Jovonovich
چکیده

The pathogenic penaeid shrimp viruses white spot syndrome virus (wSSv) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IhhNv) are reported for the first time from Argentina. They both occurred in wild crustaceans in Bahia Blanca Estuary, with wSSv detected by polymerase chain reaction (pCR) or real time quantitative pCR (qpCR) methods as infecting samples as high as 56% of the penaeid Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888, 67% of the grapsoid Cyrtograpsus angulatus dana, 1851, and 40% of the introduced palaemonid Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902. The highest detected copy number was 39,600 copies/μg dNA. IhhNv was tested for using pCR in only A. longinaris, in which it infected 30% of the sample. The presence or absence of cuticular white spots, diagnostic features of a chronic wSSv infection, was not a reliable indicator of wSSv detected by pCR or qpCR methods. The qpCR method was more sensitive than three pCR methods for detecting wSSv, presumably because of low copy numbers (< 103 copies/μg dNA) in several hosts. The low numbers may be related to temperature, season, IhhNv co-infection, or perhaps host. Introductions of the viruses could have originated from contamination by infected living animals, frozen products, or from alongshore currents from Brazil bringing the agents from as far away as 1700 or perhaps 5500 km. highly pathogenic penaeid shrimp viruses have caused severe losses to commercial shrimps in the northern countries of South America and are a threat to Argentina. One of two such viruses is referred to as white spot syndrome virus (wSSv), originating from Southeast Asia where it emerged in the western hemisphere in the mid 1990s. It had a severe impact on commercial penaeid aquaculture in 1999, first in Central America and then in Ecuador (e.g., Lightner, 2004). Infections spread south, finally to Brazil by late 2004 (available at http://www.oie.int/eng/info/hedbo/AIS_58. htm on 7 August 2009, previously on ftp://ftp.oie.int/infos_san_archives/eng/2005/ en_050121v18n03.pdf; Cavalli et al., 2008; Marques, 2008). This large double-stranded dNA virus in the nimavirid genus Whispovirus produces mortalities in several penaeid shrimp species as exemplified by the loss of about 10 billion US dollars attributed to wSSv infections in penaeid aquaculture (e.g., Lightner, 2004; Lo, 2006). Once established, the infections had an impact on wild crustaceans (e.g., SánchezMartínez et al., 2007). Another virus is infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IhhNv), which appeared to have reached the Americas from the philippines in the early 1980s (Tang et al., 2003b). It is abundant in shrimp farms in northeastern Brazil (Braz et al., 2009) and documented earlier from cultured pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931), in southern Brazil (Moser, 2005). The virus can be fatal to 90% or more of some stocks of Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson, 1874) and produce a runting syndrome in the giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798), and L. vannamei, reducing the latter’s market value by 10%–50% (Lightner and Redman, 1998). This small, non-enveloped, icosahedral, single-stranded linear dNA virus with virions averaging 22–23 nm in diameter is NOTE BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, vOL. 86, NO. 1, 2010 118 capable of vertical transmission through spawning females (Motte et al., 2003). It belongs to the family parvoviridae in the genus Brevidensovirus as Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (pstdNA) in the subfamily densoirinae (Shike et al., 2000; Tattersall et al., 2005). here we document Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888 as a new wild host for wSSv and IhhNv, supported by histopathological sections and molecular polymerase chain reaction (pCR) and real time quantitative pCR (qpCR) methods. we also report two other crustacean hosts for wSSv, establishing the extension of geographic ranges of the crustacean viruses into Argentina, and comparing grossly visible white spots with confirmed wSSv cases.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Occurrence of viral pathogens in Penaeus monodon post-larvae from aquaculture hatcheries

Viral pathogens appear to exert the most significant constraints on the growth and survival of crustaceans under culture conditions. The prevalence of viral pathogens White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), Hepatopancreatic Parvo Virus (HPV), Monodon Baculo Virus (MBV) and Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) in Penaeus monodon post-larvae was studied. Samples collected from ...

متن کامل

The Penaeid Shrimp Viral Pandemics due to IHHNV, WSSV, TSV and YHV: History in the Americas and Current Status

At least four virus caused pandemics have adversely affected the global penaeid shrimp farming industry since 1980. These viruses in the approximate order of their discovery are Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), Yellow Head Virus (YHV), Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV), and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). The socioeconomic impact of the diseases caused by these viruses...

متن کامل

Pre-exposure to infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus or to inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) confers protection against WSSV in Penaeus vannamei (Boone) post-larvae.

Larvae and post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei (Boone) were submitted to primary challenge with infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) or formalin-inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Survival rate and viral load were evaluated after secondary per os challenge with WSSV at post-larval stage 45 (PL45). Only shrimp treated with inactivated WSSV at PL35 or with IHHNV ...

متن کامل

Persistence of Penaeus stylirostris densovirus delays mortality caused by white spot syndrome virus infection in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

BACKGROUND Persistent infection of Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) (also called IHHNV) and its non-infectious inserts in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (P. monodon) genome are commonly found without apparent disease. Here, we introduced the method of multiplex PCR in order to differentiate shrimp with viral inserts from ones with the infectious virus. The method allowed us to ...

متن کامل

Detection and identification of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) of Litopenaus vannamei from Bushehr and Sistan and Baloochestan provinces (Iran), during 2009-2010

  The first time the white spot disease (WSD) and IHHNV were reported in Iran was in 2004 and 2008, respectively in Bushehr Province. In Sistan and Balochestan province only the WSD was reported in 2008.The aim of this study was detecting these two viral diseases in these provinces, during December 2009 to April 2010. A total of 364 samples were collected according to suspected gross signs from...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013